What You Need to Know About the Weak Force

The weak nuclear force is one of the four fundamental forces of physics through which particles interact with each other, together with the strong force, gravity, and electromagnetism. Compared to both electromagnetism and the strong nuclear force, the weak nuclear force has a much weaker intensity, which is why it has the name weak nuclear force. The theory of the weak force was first proposed by Enrico Fermi in 1933 and was known at that time as Fermis interaction. The weak force is mediated by two types of gauge bosons: the Z boson and W boson. Weak Nuclear Force Examples The weak interaction plays a key role in radioactive decay, the violation of both parity symmetry and  CP symmetry, and changing the flavor of quarks (as in beta decay). The theory that describes the weak force is called quantum flavourdynamics (QFD), which is analogous to quantum chromodynamics (QCD) for the strong force and quantum electrodynamics (QFD) for the electromagnetic force. Electro-weak theory (EWT) is the more popular model of the nuclear force. The weak nuclear force is also referred to as the weak force, the weak nuclear interaction, and the weak interaction. Properties of the Weak Interaction The weak force is different from the other forces because: It is the only force that violates  parity-symmetry (P).It is the only force that violates charge-parity symmetry (CP).It is the only interaction that can change one kind of quark into another or its flavor.The weak force is propagated by carrier particles that have significant masses (about 90  GeV/c). The key quantum number for particles in the weak interaction is a physical property known as the weak isospin, which is equivalent to the role that electric spin plays in the electromagnetic force and color charge in the strong force. This is a conserved quantity, meaning that any weak interaction will have a total isospin sum at the end of the interaction as it had at the beginning of the interaction. The following particles have a weak isospin of 1/2: electron neutrinomuon neutrinotau neutrinoup quarkcharm quarktop quark The following particles have a weak isospin of -1/2: electronmuontaudown quarkstrange quarkbottom quark The Z boson and W boson are both much more massive than the other gauge bosons that mediate the other forces (the photon for electromagnetism and the gluon for the strong nuclear force). The particles are so massive that they decay very quickly in most circumstances. The weak force has been unified together with the electromagnetic force as a single fundamental electroweak force, which manifests at high energy (such as those found within particle accelerators). This unification work received the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics, and further work on proving that the mathematical foundations of the electroweak force were renormalizable received the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Men versus Women - 1650 Words

Whenever you ask a man who is supposed to be the head of the house, 9 times out of 10 he will say that men are supposed to be. Some Men believe that they are the ones who are supposed to run everything and the women are just supposed to follow them. However, throughout this whole interpretation the women are supposed to act like dogs and supposed to just follow them around and listen to whatever they say. Most men think this way and it is very true in their heads and they feel the need to generalize all women and put women into the place where they belong. They do not see any distinguishing factors to make women any different. They think they all look the same and act the same way. In the play, â€Å"A Doll’s House†, by Henrik Ibsen it tells of a family and roles each gender is supposed to have between the man and woman. You can see the husband is constantly belittling her and showing her that she does not belong where she is. Helmer, the husband, feels the need to put Nora, the wife, where she belongs. He feels that he has a certain masculinity to him that he must keep up and flaut. To show that he is the one making money and he needs to be the head of the household. Not all households are the same, some men feel the need to be the head of a household and become the â€Å"breadwinner† because that is what society portrays and that is the role most men display trying to prove their masculinity and enforcing gender roles. Women were viewed as being below men and having to adapt toShow MoreRelatedDiscount Or Equality Men Versus Women Wage Disparities Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesDiscount or Equality Men versus Women Wage Disparities According to statistics, there are disparities with pay in the workplace. Men are paid more in wages, comprehensive packages, and benefits than women who performed the same job responsibilities and roles in the workplace. The big question is why are women being unvalued? Since, this is a common practice in the workplace, is this fair to both genders and is this the most favorable outcome for the greatest number affected by this businessRead MoreGender Roles, Religion, And Overall Treatment Of Men Versus Women During Slavery1707 Words   |  7 Pagesterrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women. Superadded to the burden common to all, they have wrongs, and sufferings, and mortifications peculiarly their own.† ( Harriet Brent â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl† page 119). Gender played a key role in slavery and after reading â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl† it is obvious that women in slavery received far worse treatment t hen that of men. Not to take away the incredible injustices that were dealt upon men during slaveryRead MoreThe Society Today, People Still Belittle Women And Treat Them Like Second Class Citizens1457 Words   |  6 PagesBruce Guu Raven Pfister Communication 412 5 May 2015 Theme Analysis In our society today, people still belittle women and treat them like second-class citizens. Women are just as important as men, if not better, and should be treated equally in society. I do acknowledge the fact that we are living in a heternormative society put upon us in the United States. As a heterosexual male, I see the bias, prejudice, and injustice that go toward gays, lesbians, transgenders, and woman. Even though some sayRead MoreComparison Between The Bacchae and The Medea1010 Words   |  5 Pagesterms, such as good versus bad. Binary opposition is used to present both sides of a contrast (Marvin, 1). In The Bacchae and the Medea, Euripides used binary opposition to highlight the central themes. The significant binary oppositions that are used are men versus women, foreigner versus citizen, and god versus man. The contrast between men versus women is an important opposition in both plays. The women in the Greek society have no control of their life; the men are in control (BarlowRead MoreLeadership Prejudices of Men and Women in the Workplace Essay1592 Words   |  7 Pagesprejudices of men and women in the workplace. The age-old debate of inequality for women in executive position will now be examined through online periodicals that show gender stereotypes in the workforce, different strategies men and women use to break the glass ceiling of the workplace, a focus on the interactions and reactions of a male Chief Executive Officer (CEO) versus a female CEO, leadership prejudices among women and women, and various studies regarding leadership of men and women. Because ofRead MoreWomen And Employment Is Unfair1556 Words   |  7 Pagessociety women have more access to doing the same thing as men such as working in higher positions. However, women are getting paid fifty five cen ts of every dollar that men make. The way society treat women with employment is unfair because as women we do the same work or sometimes twice as more. Even though time have change equality for the workplace only change by 6% of a 100% scale. We as individuals have so much work to do when it comes to improving our workplace not for just men but women too.Read More The Fight for Equal Education: The Book Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi1456 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are some rights that are undeniable to humans, it is not always the case that they are made available. This is especially prominent for the rights of women, who since the domestication of plants and animals have been sent to the bottom of society, and used to carry out the purpose of men. One way in which men have taken the power away from women is by taking away their education, and in turn their ability to develop independently and to be. functional parts of society. In her book Persepolis, MarjaneRead MoreGender, Gend er And Gender Stereotypes1582 Words   |  7 Pagesshows how early on humor preference is introduced. The jokes were presented to the children in the form of drawings. Taken from the text; â€Å"The pairs included the following comparisons: boy- versus girl-victim, son- versus father-victim, son- versus mother-victim, daughter- versus father-victim, and daughter- versus mother-victim†(McgeeLloyd925). The findings concluded that both the boys and girls in this experiment did not care about the gender as long as the victim of the joke was not a child, thereforeRead MoreMarriage Essay : The Merchant s Tale 985 Words   |  4 Pagesmatrimony. The corruptness of societies views on marriage lead to a loveless marriage. Chaucer reflects on how much societies views influenced marriages in the 1300’s; he shows this by using conflicts in marriage of man verses himself, women versus herself, and man versus women. Marriages in the 1300’s have to deal with the conflict of man verses himself due to the roles and powers society believes a man should full fill instead of the way a man wants to operate. â€Å"The Merchant’s Tale† illustrates throughRead MoreSalvage The Bones As A Feminist Critic Changes Your View On The Story986 Words   |  4 Pagespoint of view, my thought about why Esch is not feminine changed. In Peter Barry’s book on page 128 at the bottom is a section called â€Å"What feminist critics do†. Number seven on that list stuck out to me, it says, â€Å"Raise the question of whether men and women are ‘essentially’ different because of biology, or are socially constructed as different†. That question made me think of Esch, is Esch different because of biology or was she socially constructed differently? When you think about if Esch’s mom

Definition Of Customary International Law - 1710 Words

Within the scope of customary international law there are some varying norms that the international law community must deal with, which can be broken down into three different categories from most important to least important: 1) norms in which the international community allows no derogation, these are known as peremptory norms or jus cogens, 2) norms that might allow for derogation, and 3) norms that aren’t binding but some might argue should be. The classification of these customary norms is based off of both state practice and opinio juris. In order to determine state practice the states may look towards each other and how they react in similar scenarios. One debate surrounding this area is determining how many states need to sign off on an action to determine that sufficient state practice is occurring. Two sides of the argument are the actual number states versus the regionalization of the states. Opinio juris is defined as a state engaging in a certain activity because they believe they are under legal obligation to act. The idea of peremptory norms is older than modern international law itself (113). The idea of peremptory norms stems from the belief that certain actions are so heinous that in order for these to be prevented states shall not be allowed to derogate from adherence. The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties shows the importance of peremptory norms in both Article 53 and 64. Article 53 states that a treaty is void if at the time of itsShow MoreRelatedPublic International Law Is Formed By Sovereign States1463 Words   |  6 PagesPublic International law is formed by sovereign states, for sovereign states and governed by the notion of consent. 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The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply: a. international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting states; b. international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law; c. the general principles of law recognized byRead More The Great Tuna Boat Chase and Massacre case Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pages The Great Tuna Boat Chase and Massacre Case has Ecuador claiming that the United States is in violation of its 200-mile territorial sea. From it’s inception, Ecuador had accepted the customary three mile limit as the demarcation of its territorial waters. However, after 130 years, Juan Valdez achieved power in 1952. Under his regime, he proclaimed that the three mile boundary was never meant to be considered a fixed and unalterable boundary, and that historical practices as well as the natural featuresRead More2.1 The Birth Of Free Speech . It Is Difficult To Pinpoint1267 Words   |  6 Pagesthe concept of the inherent human rights to voice one’s opinion publicly without fear of censorship or punishment. Free speech was in existence long before the concept of human rights, as we know it today came into being. The definition of freedom of speech, as recognized by law, has been evolving. When the United Nations General Assembly met the very first time in January 1946, one resolution that it passed recognized freedom of information as a fundamental human right and the touchstone of all theRead MoreDevolution : The Law And Policy1388 Words   |  6 Pagescountry, devolved territories have the power and statutory will to apply uniquely apply legislation to their specific area, allowing the principle of such legislation more relevant and practical to their own local communities. (Devolution: The law and policy - the law society, no date) .B. Legislative competence is the capacity, powers and authority to give, enact or make rules that are statutory binding for that particular jurisdiction and therefore to whomever enters such. An example of legislativeRead MoreThe Security Council And International Law1590 Words   |  7 PagesThere has been difficulty in defining terrorism in international law due to changes in terrorist methodology and the lack of any precise definition of the term terrorism’† . The United Nations General Assembly also condemned acts of terrorism without defining it. Therefore a functional approach had been adopted through treaties dealing with the forms of terrorism considered to be unacceptable. Although, it is agreed upon in international law that terrorism is unlawful, it is not addressed whetherRead MoreThe Sexual Offences Bill 2015 Essay1255 Words   |  6 Pages2.4 Sexual offences Bill 2015 A Sexual offences Bill was passed by the Nigerian senate on the 27th of Mat 2015 but is yet to get the presidential accent which would make it into law. Given the status of the bill pending the accent of the president it is not yet law and thus is not yet legally binding; however the SOB in its mandate to protect all persons from sexual offences such as rape, defilement, indecent exposure, sexual assault and a varying newly introduced elements of sexual offences hasRead MoreLegal Corruption In Nigeria1620 Words   |  7 Pagesnotwithstanding the weight of any corruption allegation against them. Article 5 (1) of the Rome Statute sets out the crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court: 1. The jurisdiction of the Court shall be limited to the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole. The Court has jurisdiction in accordance with this Statute with respect to the following crimes: (a) The crime of genocide; (b) Crimes against humanity; (c) War crimes; (d) The crime of aggression. The Nuremberg TribunalRead MoreDifferences between: Legal, Moral and Customary Rights Details on various NGOs that protect and define human rights.1547 Words   |  7 Pages1. Distinguish between a) Legal, Moral and Customary Rights. A legal right is one that is enforceable by law. Any citizen and can discover these rights. They can validly be argued in court and generally take preference to other rights. Moral rights are those that particular groups believe are right and just. They are generally derived from religion and reflect the values and attitudes of the group that holds them. Usually the moral rights held by the majority of the population are closely reflected

Company Profile, Environmental And Swot Analysis And Key...

CHAPTER THREE COMPANY PROFILE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SWOT ANALYSIS AND KEY MANAGERIAL ISSUES This study seeks to develop a five year human resource strategic plan for the National Commission for Civic Education (NCCE). Specific objectives of the research were (a) to identify the current gaps in human resource management at NCCE; (b) to note the effect of the human resource gaps on organizational performance; (c) to ascertain what steps NCCE has put in place to address the human resource gaps; (d) to propose alternative solutions to help effectively address the gaps in human resource management at NCCE; and (e) to turn the alternative solutions into an action plan by way of a human resource strategic plan to be implemented by the management of†¦show more content†¦To develop policies for the consideration of Government from time to time and organize programmes at the national, regional and district levels aimed at realizing the objectives of the Constitution; 4. To formulate, implement and oversee programmes intended to inculcate in the citizens of Ghana, the awareness of their civic responsibilities and an appreciation of their rights and obligations as free people; 5. To assess for the information of Government, the limitations to the achievement of true democracy arising from the existing inequalities between different strata of the population and make recommendations for re-dressing these inequalities. Environment Analysis To be able to effectively analyze and formulate effective policies as to the human resource of the NCCE, it is important to learn about the external factors that can affect the organization. Reasons for this include the fact that, formulated policies would only work if it takes into account external factors that affects an organization. These factors could either strengthen or weaken the established project or formulated policies. According to Zalengera et al. (2014), a macro environment analysis can be diagrammatically illustrated as below: Macro Environment Analysis (PESTLE) Political Factors: It refers to the stability of the political environment and the attitudes of political parties or movements. This may manifest in government influence on public sector organisational policies, or government

Modern Art Essay Free Essays

Pablo Picasso, one of the most renowned European painters of the 20th century, has passed through various stages in his art reflected in numerous paintings. Two of his paintings, â€Å"Girl with Mandolin† (1911) and â€Å"Les Demoiselles d`Avignon† (1907), refer to the Cubist period in Picasso’s art. The two works are in many ways similar as they have been painted by the same artist, carrying traces of Picasso’s crisp and thoughtful style, and refer to the same period in Picasso’s life and same artistic movement – Cubism. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Art Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the same time, the artist does not repeat himself in his paintings over and over again, so the two works are different in many ways. The earlier work, â€Å"Les Demoiselles d`Avignon†, is a group portrait of five prostitutes from this French town. They are naked, and their postures indicate that they are trying to be seductive. Even so, the women are represented in grotesque manner: their shapes are distorted, their faces are just a combination of features inadequately fitting one another, and two of the women look as if they put on rather intimidating masks on their faces. In fact, the painter here implied a connection to the traditional African masks that fascinated him at the moment when this picture was created. Picasso himself named â€Å"Les Demoiselles d`Avignon† â€Å"first exorcism painting† (MoMa). The prostitutes are depicted as ugly, intimidating creatures that have little femininity despite their obvious wish for attraction. The specific Cubist forms serve to underscore this brutality of their looks. The setting of the brothel, as will become typical of Cubist works, is not explored in depth. Rather, it serves as a pale background for the picture that is simply there in order not to leave the girls hanging in the air by themselves. The background then serves mostly as framing for the figures that take on the primary importance in the picture. The fruits on the table, the walls – all of this is only secondary to the group in the foreground. â€Å"Girl with Mandolin† (1911) is a much more Romantic image. Here the Cubist manner begins to converge with Abstract art, a tendency that is yet to assert itself. The form disintegrates even further, the surroundings are unclear, and only the girl’s figure stands out from the background of the picture, appealing to the viewer with its elegant, shapely form. The girl, much like Avignon prostitutes, is presented as a set of cubes, but these cubes unite to create a simple and elegant whole rather than a disgusting shape. The mandolin, a musical instrument, is represented in a much more realistic way, but the whole environment in which it placed creates a light air of surreal music. The viewer is seeing a picture that creates the impression of uttering a sound so that the audience can feel the sounds emanating from the work. The Cubist shapes are there not to make the girl lose her feminine shape and look ugly; on the contrary, they make her look like a celestial creature that is too elevated and unreal to be depicted in gross, realistic terms that will depict in detail the texture of her dress, color of the hair, etc. instead, the artist presents a generalised picture of nearly pure femininity. Thus, the two pictures are similar in the first place through their Cubist method. Among the styles developed by Picasso, Cubism is perhaps the best known, focused on dealing â€Å"with envisioning objects from multiple vantage points at the same time† (Pablo Picasso).   The composition of the painting as an object consisting of several perspectives of the same object creates the peculiar angular form that is present in both â€Å"Girl with Mandolin† and â€Å"Les Demoiselles d`Avignon†. At the same time, the later â€Å"Girl with Mandolin† is in a sense even ‘more Cubist’ as it completely leaves out the traces of realism, such as depiction of fruits on the table in â€Å"Les Demoiselles d`Avignon† that are not broken down into the Cubist multiple shapes. The message of â€Å"Girl with Mandolin† is totally different from that of â€Å"Les Demoiselles d`Avignon†, as the first picture is a hymn to ethereal femininity, while the second is the grotesque portrayal of the five prostitutes who strike the viewer with their awkward forms. Thus, viewers of the two paintings can trace in them the evolution of Picasso’s style as he progresses from the initial conception of Cubism to the well-developed idea of that style that has in itself become a certain canon for other artists. Cubism, with its emphasis on the sculptural form of the objects, is also focused on the unexpected representation of the portrayed figures. Like in many classical works, the artist strives for generalization of either attractive or unattractive womanhood, portraying its different poles. The two paintings are a vivid example of how an artist can use the same method to convey two different messages, that of glorifying and denigrating an object, and be successful in both cases. Picasso in each case creates a vivid and memorable image that chimes in with the reader’s innermost ideas and perceptions. Bibliography Picasso, Pablo. Girl with a Mandolin (Fanny Tellier). 1911. 5 December 2005 http://www.artchive.com/artchive/P/picasso/tellier.jpg.html. Picasso, Pablo (1883-1971). 5 December 2005 http://www.incompetech.com/art/picasso.html. Picasso, Pablo. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. Paris, June-July 1907. 5 December 2005 How to cite Modern Art Essay, Essay examples

AGL Energy Limited - Comparative Analysis Of Financial Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Analysis of Financial for AGL Energy Limited. Answer: Introduction Ratio analysis is the financial statement analysis, which helps to gather a quick suggestion regarding the financial performance of the firm in several key areas. Ratios can be of different types depending on the liquidity, profitability, market performance, and solvency of the specified firm. In this report, two companies named AGL Energy Limited and Genesis Energy Limited of the same industry (energy sector) have been selected to analyze the financial condition of both the firms by comparing and contrasting the ratio values and their trends. In order to analyze the trends and ratio of both the firms, the historical value of last two years 2014 and 2015 of both the firms have been gathered from their respective annual reports. Company Background Genesis Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited was founded in the year 1999 and it is a public type company enlisted in both NZX and ASX as GNE. It belongs to the energy sector and is the predecessor of the company named Electricity Corporation of New Zealand (Genesis Energy 2016). The particular company deals with LPG, electricity generation, natural gas and electricity retailing company. Genesis Energy Limited is the largest natural gas as well as electricity retailer in New Zealand as in the financial year 2013-2014, the firm had a market share of 42% and 26% respectively (Genesis Energy 2016). AGL Energy Limited AGL Energy Limited was founded in 1837 as the Australian Gas Light Company; however, later it was founded as AGL Energy in the year 2006. It is a public company enlisted in ASX and is head quartered in North Sydney (Agl.com.au 2016). AGL Energy Limited belongs to the energy as well as utilities sector and its key products are coal seam gas and hydroelectricity, energy, natural gas generation and wind power (Agl.com.au 2016). It has been found that AGL Energy has more than 3.8 million residential as well as business consumers across South Australia, Victoria, Queensland, and New South Wales. Profitability Ratio: Return on Assets: AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Return on Assets (Net income/ Average Total Assets) 0.013768 -0.027937551 0.013502342 0.029761905 Table 1: Showing the Return on Assets (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) The return on assets of AGL Energy mainly declined from 2014 to 2015 indicating low sales generated from operations. However, the return on assets of Genesis Energy mainly increased, which indicates an effective deployment of management function. After the effective comparison of both the company it could be concluded that based on ROA Genesis energy could be identified as the most valuable stock for investment. Christensen and Nikolaev (2013) argued that during an economic crisis the overall valuation of the company assets and revenue could be hampered, which projects a low ROA of the company. Net Profit Margin: AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Net Profit Margin (Net Income/ Net Sales) 0.020415808 -0.036591928 0.024475524 0.050529355 Table 2: Showing the Net Profit Margin (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) With the help of table 2, net profit margin of AGL Energy could be identified as weak compared to Genesis Limited. This reduced net profits margin of AGL Energy could be because of the declining sales or increasing administrative expenses incurred by the company to conduct its operations. Moreover, the rising net profit margin of Genesis Limited could be helpful for investors to receive higher dividends. Stahl et al. (2012) stated that with the help of net profit margin investors are able to identify the overall administrative expenses incurred by the company to generate sale, which might be helpful in achieving sustainable growth. Liquidity Ratios: As commented by Healy and Palepu (2012), liquidity ratios help in vivisecting the capability of a firm in order to write off its existing debts and obligations. Hence, these ratios help in gauging the cash availability of an organisation to convert its assets into cash. Current Ratio: AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Current Ratio (Current Assets/ Current Liabilities) 1.457648546 1.405013709 1.44534413 1.119354839 Table 3: Current ratio of AGL Energy Limited and Genesis Energy Limited (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) According to the above table, it has been found that the current ratio of both the firms has experienced a marginal decline in the subsequent years. This depicts the increase in the liability base of both the organisations in contrast to the average current asset base (Hoberg, Phillips and Prabhala, 2014). Therefore, it could be inferred that both the organisations are suffering from poor liquidity position as far as the current ratio is concerned. Quick Ratio: AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Quick Ratio [(cash + cash equivalents + short-term investments +current receivables)/ Current Liabilities] 1.29 1.242 1.064 0.861 Table 4: Current ratio of AGL Energy Limited and Genesis Energy Limited (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) According to the above table, it has been evaluated that the quick ratio of both the organisations has declined over the consecutive years. In case of AGL Energy Limited, the ratio has been high compared to the ideal standard and vice-versa for Genesis Energy Limited. This implies that the former organisation has focused on accumulating higher inventory compared to that of the market demand. The latter firm, however, has been struggling to meet off its existing debts and obligations. Capital Structure Fan et al. (2012) mentioned that the process through which the business entity gathers external finance through the various sources of fund has to evaluate by the management of the business enterprise. The debt equity ratio as well as the equity ratio for both the business entities has to be computed . Debt to Equity Ratio The debt to Equity ratio calculates the amount of finance coming from creditors as well as the investors (Refer to Appendix). AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Debt to Equity (Total Liabilities/ Total Equity) 0.44323 0.4572 0.4819 0.4827 Table 5: Debt to Equity Ratio of AGL Energy Limited and Genesis Energy Limited (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) It can be stated that the ratios of both organizations can be considered healthy in the context of the global market. Robb and Robinson (2012) mentioned that this indicates the strong financial health of the company. In the context of AGL Energy Limited, the debt to equity ratio of the organization was 0.44 in the year 2015. The debt to equity ratio in the context of the Genesis Energy Limited has enhanced from 0.481 in the year 2014 to 0.482 in the year 2015. Therefore, the liabilities of both the firms have shown substantial growth. Equity Ratio The equity ratio is the financial ratio that indicates the portion of equity that facilitates the financing of the assets of the company (Refer to Appendix). AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Equity Ratio (Total Equity/ Total Assets) 1 1 1 1 Table 6: Equity Ratio of AGL Energy Limited and Genesis Energy Limited (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) From the table, it can be stated that the equity ratio of both the organizations have shown consistency in growth for both 2014 and 2015. From the equity ratio, it can be identified that both the organizations have shown similar trends, and have delivered consistent business performances over a period of time Market Performance: In the words of Loughran and McDonald (2014), the market performance portrays a vivid description of the organisational performance in the target market. Therefore, in order to dissect the market performance of both the firms, the ratios related to dividend per share and earnings per share have been taken into consideration. Dividend per share: This ratio helps in gauging the percentage of the actual net profit, which is distributed to the stockholders on the part of the organisation. AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Dividends per share (Sum of dividend/ No. of outstanding shares) 0.591 0.68 0.079 0.8 Table 7: Dividend per share of Genesis Energy Limited and AGL Energy Limited (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) According to the above figure, it has been inherent that both the organisations have increased their dividend payout to the shareholders over the subsequent years. In case of AGL Energy Limited, the dividend payout has increased from 0.59% in the year 2014 to 0.68% in the year 2015. However, this ratio has been high in case of Genesis Energy Limited, since the same has increased from 0.079 in the year 2014 to 0.8 in the year 2015. The possible reason behind such increase is the rise in net profit, which might have resulted from the higher amount of sales in the Australian market. Thus, the amount of dividend for both the firms has increased over time due to the higher income earned over the subsequent years. Hence, it could be inferred that both the firms have increased their dividend payouts; however, Genesis Energy Limited is enjoying a competitive advantage. Earnings per share: AGL Energy Limited Genesis Energy Limited 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) 2014 ($Million) 2015($Million) Earnings per share [(Net income Preferred Dividends)/ Weighted average common shares outstanding] 0.33 0.23 0.1 0.12 Table 8: Earnings per share of Genesis Energy Limited and AGL Energy Limited (Source: Genesis Energy 2016 and Agl.com.au 2016) Based on the above graph, it has been evident that AGL Energy Limited has experienced a decline in its share earnings possibly due to the indifferent motive of the investors to invest in the organisation. However, the scenario has been opposite in case of Genesis Energy Limited, since the company has experienced an increase in its earnings per share. Therefore, Genesis Energy Limited is enjoying a competitive advantage over AGL Energy Limited as well. Comparing AGL Energy Limited and Genesis Energy limited: Both AGL and Genesis energy are from the energy sector and the ratio comparison effectively helps in evaluating the overall performance of companies. In addition, with the help of liquidity, profitability, market performance, and capital structure the overall performance of both the companies are effectively evaluated. Moreover, Genesis energy limited is mainly identified as the most valuable stock, which could provide investors with adequate invested return. Ally (2013) stated that with the help of ratios investor are able to identify the most favourable stock, which might help in providing higher return from investment. Conclusion It can be concluded that Genesis Energy limited and AGL Energy Limited require more improvements in order to run the businesses successfully in future. It has been noted that both companies need to put more effort on their profitability, solvency and liquidity ratios for improving their financial conditions. Recommendations The investors should invest more in AGL Energy Limited as Genesis Energy has a relatively poor solvency situation. Additionally, it has been found that AGL Energy has a better financial position in liquidity and market performance ratios. Reference and Bibliography: Agl.com.au. 2016.AGL Energy Limited. [online] Available at: https://www.agl.com.au [Accessed 26 Aug. 2016]. Ally, Z., 2013. Comparative analysis of financial performance of commercial banks in Tanzania.Research Journal of Finance and Accounting,4(19), pp.133-143. Callen, J.L., 2015. A selective critical review of financial accounting research. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 26, pp.157-167. Christensen, H.B. and Nikolaev, V.V., 2013. Does fair value accounting for non-financial assets pass the market test?.Review of Accounting Studies,18(3), pp.734-775. Fan, J.P., Titman, S. and Twite, G., 2012. An international comparison of capital structure and debt maturity choices. Journal of Financial and quantitative Analysis, 47(01), pp.23-56. Genesis Energy. 2016.Power Company - Electricity Companies - Genesis Energy NZ. [online] Available at: https://www.genesisenergy.co.nz [Accessed 26 Aug. 2016]. Healy, P.M. and Palepu, K.G., 2012.Business Analysis Valuation: Using Financial Statements. Cengage Learning. Hoberg, G., Phillips, G. and Prabhala, N., 2014. Product market threats, payouts, and financial flexibility.The Journal of Finance,69(1), pp.293-324. Kirkham, R., 2012. Liquidity analysis using cash flow ratios and traditional ratios: The telecommunications sector in Australia.The Journal of New Business Ideas Trends,10(1), p.1. Loughran, T. and McDonald, B., 2014. Measuring readability in financial disclosures.The Journal of Finance,69(4), pp.1643-1671. Robb, A.M. and Robinson, D.T., 2012. The capital structure decisions of new firms. Review of Financial Studies, p.hhs072. Stahl, F., Heitmann, M., Lehmann, D.R. and Neslin, S.A., 2012. The impact of brand equity on customer acquisition, retention, and profit margin.Journal of Marketing,76(4), pp.44-63.

Racial Issues in Music Essay Example For Students

Racial Issues in Music Essay Articles all over the internet have the same remarks to pose Rap these days is all about pitches, hoes, and drugs. In a sense, rap is generalized by a few songs and the assuages poised by the songs are assumed to be the three things listed above. In actual, this is untrue and there are various artists that rap about problems they faced in the ghetto and real life situations that African Americans face in their day to day life. However, for this blob write up the main purpose is to prove that songs like Hot Amiga by Bobby Samurai coincide with the stereotypes that rap songs are basically portraying African Americans as violent individuals who partake in illegal actions such as the consumption of drugs and the use of weapons. The specific idea of race Ewing portrayed negatively in this song is very easy to comprehend. Almost everyone in this song is an African American residing in East Flatfish, Brooklyn. Samurai goes onto rap about his friends and gang members that carry weapons such as a 9 millimeter pistol. It is also evident in the video that Samaras actions specifically reference the use of weapons. This links in with the stereotype that black people are linked with violent actions and connected to the use of weapons. Moving on, there are also references made in the lyrics of the song and the video where the listener as a glimpse of the use of marijuana, another point that helps connect African Americans to the use of illegal substances and unruly behavior. However, not every African American should be generalized into a category of gangsters that Samurai portrays them to be, the general public feels it is right to paint every African into the same category. This is the reason why in America there are brutal killings of innocent African Americans. The population of people postulate the African race to be indulged in matters of violence and illegal activities due to people like Samurai. Myself am an avid listener to Rap music and artists like Bobby Samurai, however his songs have a beat that helps me liven up the atmosphere. When it comes to lyrics and actual rap music, I would pick artists like Kindlier Lamar who rap for the African race and outline the struggles they go through. I feel it is wrong label the African American race as gangsters because at the end of the day they are humans and should be treated with due respect even though due to a few rotten apples their name is tarnished in society.